Widespread use of the Southern Blotting method is become popular in medical science for the identification of DNA

      Southern Blotting

In molecular biology, a Southern blot is a technique for detecting a specific DNA sequence in DNA samples. Southern blotting is a technique that involves transferring electrophoresis-separated DNA fragments to a filter membrane and then using probe hybridization to detect the fragments.A Southern blot is a laboratory technique for detecting specific DNA molecules among a large number of others. Edward Southern, the technique's creator, was given the name.

Southern blotting is a technique for detecting DNA in a sample. Southern Blotting is an example of DNA finger printing. Paternity testing, criminal identification, and victim identification are some of the applications. To isolate and identify the desired geneFuture possibilities Overall, Southern blotting is a useful tool for diagnosing and studying diseases (like fragile X syndrome and sickle cell anaemia) as well as analysing DNA for other purposes (such as forensic and paternity testing).

The membrane carries all of the bands that were originally on the gel once the transfer is complete. A small piece of DNA or RNA is then added to the membrane.The membrane, transfer buffer, and method used in Southern blotting  can all be changed. The nitrocellulose membrane is the most commonly used membrane because it is durable and can be reused multiple times.Edward M. Southern, who developed the procedure at Edinburgh University in the 1970s, was given the name Southern blotting.Similarly, radioactive probes are used in the original southern blotting protocol; however, other labelling systems use fluorescence and chemiluminescence.Southern blotting has been improved and made more complex and efficient in order to better serve the application.

DNA molecules are transferred from an agarose gel to a membrane, to put it simply.SBH entails digesting high-molecular-weight DNA with site-specific restriction endonucleases, size separation of the DNA using gel electrophoresis, and transfer of the nucleic acid fragments to a nylon or nitrocellulose membrane.Northern blots are used to detect gene expression, while southern blots are used to detect the presence of specific DNA sequences in a genome. To separate nucleic acids based on size, gel electrophoresis uses negatively charged ions present on nucleic acids at neutral or basic PH

A restriction enzyme is used to break down the DNA mixture into small fragments, which is the first step in a Southern blot. The mixture of DNA fragments is that restriction enzyme is used to break down the DNA mixture into small fragments, which is the first step in a Southern blot. The mixture of DNA fragments is then separated by size using a technique known as gel electrophoresis. The double-stranded pieces of DNA are denatured, or separated, into single strands within the gel after separation. The DNA is then blotted onto a blotting membrane from the gel. Although this step is what gives the technique its name, the term "Southern blotting" is usually applied to the entire procedure.